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Anti-diabetic drugs & cancer risk challenge

Archana Arora

Increasing evidences of cancer development in diabetic patients were reported. Many studies demonstrated a correlation between some anti-diabetic drugs and a better risk of cancer incidence. The highest incidence was shown in cancer of the liver and carcinoma then kidney, endometrial, colorectal, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, bladder, and breast cancers. Meta-analysis of cohort studies calculating the Relative Risk (RR) of all-site or site-specific cancers in diabetic patients were accomplished notifying a special RR according to sex. Mechanisms suggested by authors were associated with diabetes itself whether being complicated or a nonadherence to anti-diabetic medications. Obesity-related hyperinsulinemia acts as a critical link to the increased cancer risk through mitogen pathway activation and thus the improved cellular growth and survival. On the opposite hand, the influence of anti-diabetic medications itself on cancer has recently gained attention. Studies reported evidences that using metformin, as an insulin sensitizer, may decrease cancer development, progression, and mortality. Increasing evidences of cancer development in diabetic patients were reported. Many studies demonstrated a correlation between some anti-diabetic drugs and a better risk of cancer incidence. The highest incidence was shown in cancer of the liver and carcinoma then kidney, endometrial, colorectal, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, bladder, and breast cancers. Meta-analysis of cohort studies calculating the Relative Risk (RR) of all-site or site-specific cancers in diabetic patients were accomplished notifying a special RR according to sex. Mechanisms suggested by authors were associated with diabetes itself whether being complicated or a nonadherence to anti-diabetic medications. Obesity-related hyperinsulinemia acts as a critical link to the increased cancer risk through mitogen pathway activation and thus the improved cellular growth and survival. On the opposite hand, the influence of anti-diabetic medications itself on cancer has recently gained attention. Studies reported evidences that using metformin, as an insulin sensitizer, may decrease cancer development, progression, and mortality.