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Dynamics of hormonal profile and anti-mullerian hormone during spontaneous ovulation in PCOS women with oligomenorrhea

Fengli Zhang, Jing Du, Bin Wang, Hongwei Wen, Xinqiu Jia, Huixiao Chen, Xiaohui Deng

Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) is a glycoprotein produced by the granulosa ovarian cells with respect to the regulation of the follicular growth and development. Serum AMH levels are significantly elevated in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) women compared to normal controls. In 22 oligo-ovulation PCOS women and 12 anovulation PCOS women. Serum AMH, FSH, E2, LH, T, P, PRL, FINS, FBG, HOMA-IR concentrations were measured at baseline, and the hormone changes including serum E2, LH, FSH,T concentrations and follicular development were measured at the appropriate time in relation to the diameter of the follicle. The Ovary Volume (OV) (ml) and Antral Follicle Count (AFC) in anovulation group were higher compared to the oligo-ovulation group (P<0.001 and P<0.002, respectively). In the anovulation group, antral follicles had not been activated and serum T and LH concentrations maintained higher levels. AMH concentrations were constant during the growth and development of antral follicles in oligo-ovulation PCOS women, whereas they remained elevated in anovulation PCOS women during the menstrual cycle (P<0.05). In the two groups, there was a positive correlation between AMH and AFC (P=0.000 and P=0.01, respectively), as well as OV (P=0.013 and P=0.016, respectively) and T (P=0.002 and P=0.028, respectively). Constant AMH concentrations during the spontaneous initiation of follicular in oligo-ovulation PCOS women and higher serum AMH concentrations in the anovulation PCOS women suggested that AMH may be used as a marker in the diagnosis or as a predictor of ovulation in PCOS women with oligomenorrhea.