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Evaluation of macular structure and vasculature after postoperative period of retinal detachment surgery using optical coherence tomography angiography.

Mehmet Demir, Cetin Akpolat

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the macular structure after Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment (RRD) surgery using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA).

Methods: This study analyzed the results of 66 eyes of 33 patients who were treated for unilateral Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment (RRD). The eyes that had RRD surgery were included in the study group (n=33) and fellow eyes served as the control group (n=33). The subgroups of the study group were defined according to the type of surgery. Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA, in decimal), Central Macular Thickness (CMT, μm), superficial and deep retinal Vessel Density (VD, %), choriocapillaris VD, Foveal Avascular Zone (FAZ) area (mm2) and FAZ Perimeter (PERIM, mm) were evaluated using OCTA.

Results: Mean BCVA was poor in the study group when compared to the control group (0.54 ± 0.1 vs. 0.01 ± 0.01; p<0.001). Mean CMT values were similar in the study and control groups (p=0.468). All superficial segment VD measurements were lower in the study group than in the fellow eyes (p<0.001 for all). Whereas, no significant deep segment VD measurement differences were observed between the study and control groups as well as mean FAZ area and PERIM values (p>0.05 for all).

Conclusion: Eyes that underwent RRD surgery had lower superficial VD measurements. Patients in the SBC+gas+laser group had better results than the other subgroups. Visual functions were not similar in the groups despite similar mean CMT measurements.