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Mixed germ cell testicular tumour complicated with inferior vena cava tumour thrombus: A case report and review of the literature

Cunjie Sun, Jiancang Zhou, Weiping Zhao

Background: Testicular Mixed Germ Cell Tumour (MGCTS) is a rarely reported. En bloc vena caval resection of involved tumours or extensive thrombosis can be associated with short- and long-term morbidity but probably prolongs tumour-free survival and enhances a chance for cure.

Materials and methods: We reported a 32-year-old male patient presenting with left mixed germ cell testicular tumour complicated with inferior vena cava (IVC) tumour thrombus. Following ultrasound detection of the testis, the patient underwent left inguinal orchiectomy, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND), left nephrectomy followed by inferior vena cava thrombectomy. Histological examination revealed that the cancer cells were distributed in a sold flake shape with large cell body and irregular nucleus located in the left testis and abdominal cavity.

Results: Laboratory test revealed that serum level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was significantly enhanced. Postoperatively, the patient had smooth postoperative recovery and had disease-free survival for 6 months.

Conclusion: Clinical efficacy was poor for advanced non-seminomatous germ cell tumour when single treatment was delivered. Comprehensive treatment, especially surgical procedure, should be chosen according to the pathological and clinical characteristics.