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Neurosurgical virtual reality training: Review of current practise and potential future uses.

Andrea David

Years of tradition and legal and ethical considerations about patient safety, work hour limitations, and the price of operating room time have changed surgical training over time. Before using them on patients, sophisticated methods can be taught and practised through surgical simulation and skill training. The manipulation of artificial "tissue" in a box trainer using real tools and video equipment can serve as a simple kind of simulation training. Virtual reality simulators that are more sophisticated are now accessible and prepared for mass use. Early computer systems have shown to be efficient and discriminating. Newer systems make it possible to create thorough curriculum and complete procedural simulations.