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Role of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in Salivary Gland Pathology and Its Histopathological Correlation: A Five Year Descriptive Study in a Tertiary Car Centre

Yogambal Muthureddy, Chandramouleeswari Kathirvel, Marylilly, Susai Adaikalam

Background and objectives: FNAC is one of the useful method for evaluating suspicious salivary glands lesions mainly of its, minimum morbidity, rapid turnaround time, high speci-ficity, sensitivity and low cost. Salivary gland neoplasm account for 2-6.5% of all the neo-plasm of the head and neck. Fine needle aspi-ration cytology (FNAC) is being increasingly used in the diagnosis of salivary lesions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of FNAC in various salivary gland lesions in correlation with their histopathology, which helps in the appropriate therapeutic manage-ment. Methods: This study was a descriptive study done in Department of pathology, Stanley medi-cal college, Chennai, India for duration of 5 years from January 2010 to December2014. During the study period 393 cases of FNAC of salivary gland lesions were performed. Formalin fixed (10%), surgically resected specimens were received, they were processed and slides were prepared for histopathological diagnosis. The stained cytological and histopathological slides were studied, analyzed and correlated. Results: The cytomorphological features were studied and analyzed and the following lesions were observed: Non neoplastic (65), In neoplastic be-nign (157), malignanat (29) and No specific typ-ing(07). Drtbalu’s Otolaryngology online In benign following neoplasm were observed: Pleo-morphic adenoma (143), Warthin’s tumour (10) and basal cell adenoma (04). In malignant neo-plasm following neoplasm were observed: Mu-coepidermoid carcinoma (23), Adenoid cystic carci-noma (04) and Acinic cell carcinoma (02). Conclu-sion: The overall sensitivity, specificity and the di-agnostic accuracy for non neoplastic lesions were 100%, 100% and 100% respectively. The overall sensitivity, specificity and the diagnostic accuracy for benign neoplasm were 99.35%, 98.11% and 71.46% respectively. The overall sensitivity, speci-ficity and the diagnostic accuracy for malignant neoplasm were 94.74%, 99.55% and 98.83% re-spectively. Hence, the appropriate therapeutic management could be planned earlier. This study documents that FNAC of the salivary gland neo-plasm is accurate, simple, rapid, inexpensive, well tolerated and harmless for the patient.