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T lymphocytes are reduced and depleted as a result of serological alterations.

Sudhanshu Patra

A defining aspect of autoimmune disorders is the failure of mechanisms that ensure the identification of self and non-self. In the past, there has been a growing interest in a subset of regulatory T cells that suppresses T cells in vitro in a contact-dependent manner and preferentially expresses high levels of CD25 and the fork head and winged-helix family transcription factor fork head box P3 (FOXP3). TREGs appear to have a distinctive role in autoimmune disorders, according to recent studies of changing prevalence’s and functional efficiencies. The involvement of FOXP3 as a ‘master control gene' in the creation and function of TREGs is also supported by clinical results in individuals with mutant FOXP3 genes and a particular polymorphism in the promoter region of FOXP3. In autoimmune disorders, both aberrant TREG production and insufficient inflammatory suppression are thought to be important for illness start and continuation. TREG-related somatic cell therapy is being touted as a promising new treatment option for autoimmune disorders. The current COVID-19 epidemic started in Wuhan (China) in December 2019 and quickly spread to become a global sanitary and economic emergency. The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is the etiological agent. COVID-19 has a wide range of clinical symptoms, ranging from asymptomatic infection to severe pneumonia accompanied by multisystem failure, which can result in mortality. All components of the immune system that appear to be responsible for viral elimination and recovery from SARS-CoV-2 are known to be involved in the immunological response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.