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Transcatheter aortic valve implantation in Italian women versus men: Single center comparison of baseline characteristics and report of clinical and procedural outcomes

Aleksander Dokollari, Matteo Cameli, Giulia Elena Mandoli, Divya-Shree Patel, Didar-Karan Kalra, Marjela Pernoci, Massimo Bonacchi

Objective: To compare the baseline characteristics and outcomes of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) in Italian women and men.

Background: Previous outcomes of TAVI between men and women are contradictory in different patient populations.

Methods: Patients between 75-year old and 87-year old, who underwent TAVI between 2010 and 2016, were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: 256 patients, 114 men and 142 women, were included in the analysis. Baseline characteristics displayed a higher incidence of smoking, myocardial infarction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, conduction abnormality, previous percutaneous coronary intervention, and surgery in men (p<0.05). Echocardiographic data evidenced higher transvalvular gradients, higher pulmonary artery pressures, lower aortic valve area and ejection fraction in women (p<0.05). In contrast, men had larger left ventricular outflow tract and aortic dimensions but lower incidence of associated trace-mild aortic valve regurgitation (p<0.05). There was a higher incidence of balloon sheath usage in men (men 21.05% vs. women 9.15%, p<0.05) and lower of perclose device (men 19.3% vs. women 31.6%, p<0.05). Postoperatively, the creatinine level and the indexed effective orifice area were higher in men (p<0.05).

Conclusion: This study reports that although women had a lower Euro Score II, in-hospital outcomes were similar to men in Italian population.