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Two-factor analysis of blood loss in total knee arthroplasty

Shixiong Zheng, Qiang Li, Hailun Zhu, Yong Hu, Zhanjun Shi, Jun Xiao

Purpose: The effect of the intercondylar osteotomy and location hole plugging on blood loss during Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) was investigated.

Material and Methods: A retrospective-controlled study was performed by including 304 cases of knee replacement in our hospital. The clinical data were recorded and blood loss was calculated. Theoretical blood loss was calculated at different times. The Gross equation was used in all original data. The cases were divided into two groups according to mode of intercondylar osteotomy. Meanwhile, three classifications were obtained on the basis of the mode location hole plugging. SPSS17.0 software was used for the analysis and comparison in different groups.

Results: The groups were compared after TKA, and the results showed that femoral intercondylar osteotomy group lost more blood than non-intercondylar osteotomy group a day after the operation, but no statistical difference was observed on the third and fifth day. On the first and third day after the operation, the bone-plugging group (on the location hole) lost less blood than the cement-plugging group, which showed no significant difference with the no-plugging group. Moreover, five days after the operation, the no-plugging group experienced more bleeding than the no-plugging. Meanwhile, the cement-plugging group had the most blood loss among the experimental groups.

Conclusions: Relative to blood loss, the performance of non-osteotomy prosthesis was superior to osteotomy prosthesis in TKA. Bone plugging for femoral location holes can reduce blood loss, although no significant value was obtained in cement plugging.