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An overview of amino acids: Understanding the foundations of life′s basic amino acid.

Michio Miyajima*

Amino acids are the building blocks of life, playing a crucial role in the functioning of the human body. These organic compounds contain both a carboxyl group and an amino group, and are used to synthesize proteins and other essential biochemical in the body. There are 20 different types of amino acids that can be combined in different ways to form an almost limitless number of different proteins. Some of these amino acids are classified as essential, meaning that the body cannot produce them on its own and must obtain them through the diet. Other amino acids are classified as non-essential, as the body can produce them from other sources. In addition to their role in protein synthesis, amino acids also play important roles in many other biological processes, such as neurotransmitter synthesis, energy metabolism, and blood sugar regulation. For example, the amino acid tryptophan is a precursor to the neurotransmitter serotonin, which plays a role in regulating mood and sleep.